Showing posts with label Texas. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Texas. Show all posts

Tuesday, September 2, 2025

Hester Danforth, Enslaved in Missouri and Texas; her Enslavers Letitia Prather, Josiah Danforth, Daniel Berry and Louis Powell

Benjamin Prather's Aquarell

Hester Danforth was born enslaved in April 1837 in Tennessee.  Though she and her parents may have been originally enslaved by the Danforth family in Blount County, Tennessee, I believe their original enslaver was Benjamin Franklin Prater / Prather.  And from him to his daughter Letitia.

Hester stated in several censuses that her parents were born in Virginia and it was from Virginia that the Prather family moved to Roane County, Tennessee. 

As so often is the case, we get glimpses of Hester's early life only through the lives of her enslavers and Letitia Prather is the common thread.  Because of Letitia, Hester left Tennesse for Missouri. Then on to Memphis, Tennesse and finally to Texas with Letitia, her enslaver.   In her lifetime Letitia was born into the very powerful, wealthy family of Benjamin F Prather who was friends with people like Sam Houston.  She would go on to marry three powerful, wealthy and politically connected men. The Danforths are still a political dynasty in Missouri.  Daniel Berry was one of the richest men in Missouri and had his fingers in everything.  And Louis A Powell was a wealthy early settler of Texas.  

Like her enslaver Letitia, Hester would marry three times.  However, Hester would be separated from her parents and siblings by slavery.  Due to decisions by her enslavers Hester would be separated from her first husband, Oscar Danforth when she and her children were forced to leave Missouri. She would go on to marry again and have more children, building a new family.  She had to be a strong, resilient woman.

Josiah Findly Danforth was born 31 Aug 1800 in Maryville, Blount County, Tennessee and died 15 Aug 1849 in Las Vegas, San Miguel County, New Mexico.  He was the son of Josiah Findly Danforth Sr 1755 Massachusetts -1817 Tennessee and Sarah Blodget 1757-1815.  He was a successful merchant, farmer, politician and founder of Springfield, Missouri.

Josiah married Letitia Prather on 8 Dec 1830 in Roane County, Tennessee.  Letitia was born 22 July 1816 in Roane County, Tennessee and died 14 Apr 1886 near Strafford, Greene County, Missouri.  Letitia was the daughter of Benjamin Franklin Prather who was born 30 April 1772 in Lynchburg, Campbell County, Virginia; died 30 May 1851 Roane County, Tennessee and Nancy Elizabeth Layne 1777-1833.

Letitia Prather's family lived west of Knoxville in Roane County, Tennessee (now Loudon County.)  Their home there was called Aquarell, built just after 1797, on the Holston River (later called the Tennessee River) overlooking Prater's Ferry.   Aquarell was built by enslaved labor with brick walls 18" thick.  Located at the end of Beals Chapel Road about 5 miles NE of Lenior City, it overlooks a lake today.  

Location of Aquarell, the Benjamin F Prather Home

Mentions of the Prather enslaved from family correspondence:
"He [Benjamin Prather] kept his money in kegs in the attic and once a thief came to steal those kegs of gold and during his act of thieving set the house afire. Great grandfather lined up his negroes from the river to the house and passed buckets of water from one to another and put out the fire.

"The slaves of Benjamin Prather were allowed to have Saturdays off in order to work around the community. His negroes were said to be the best trained workers in that section of the country for which reason they were in great demand. The money they made on their day off was kept by the slaves for this own use. The negro women were engaged to do spinning and weaving and the men did the field work."

29 May 1807 Roane County, TN
Benjamin Prather purchased "Negroe woman Jean" for $400 from John Sherrall.

1830 Census  Roane Co TN    Benjamin Prater
32 Slaves
:  2 M under 10, 5 M 10-23, 3 M 24-35, 8 F under 8, 3 F 10-23, 7 F 24-35, 4 F 36-54

Some insight into the character of Benjamin Prather from family correspondence:

"... it was customary for any persons traveling from one place to another to stay and ask for lodging wherever night overtook them. Quite often such persons made it to the Ben Prather plantation because he had a large house and afforded excellent lodging. Since practically everyone rode horseback in those days usually in making long trips, only the best mounts were used. It has been said of [him] that after his guests were settled for the night he went to the barn and if he found a horse that particularly pleased him, he tied a silk thread above the horse's hoof cutting off the circulation. The next morning when the traveler's horse or horses were brought around for him to mount he was found to have a swollen foot.  At this juncture, [he] volunteered to trade the stranger a horse for the lame one. Naturally the horse he offered the stranger in the trade was not one of his best ones."

Will of Benjamin Prater     Roane County, TN
Written 24 Nov 1842 
  Probate 1 June 1851
...  to my dau Elizabeth Ish the wife of Alexander Ish a certain negro girl named Dianah and the balance of my negroes 67 in number together with their increase until my death to be equally divided into 7 lots.  But no negro man and his wife to be separated and the family to be united as much as possible.  And if the lots cannot be made equal there shall be money added out of my estate to make them equal and the children of my son Samuel Prater decd to have one lot, the heirs of my son Thomas Prator to have one lot.  My daughter Elizabeth Ish w/o Alexander Ish to have one lot.  My son George Prater to have one lot. My daughter Clarissa Johnston wife of Josiah H Johnston to have one lot. My son William Prater to have one lot. My daughter Letitia Danforth wife of Josiah Danforth to have one lot and three disinterested men to make the division and to be chosen by my Exectors. The lots to be numbered on paper, put in a hat or box to be drawn by the heirs or some disinterested person,  And the lot they may draw they shall be satisfied with.....
...
7th. I give to my old negro woman Abigail the interest of 200 dollars of my money to put at interest during her life and to live with any of my children she may think proper. When the said two hundred dollars to be equally divided as the balance of my property amongst my children.
Executors: Alexander Ish and William Prater

When this will was written in 1842, Benjamin Prather had 67 enslaved plus Abigail and Dianah.
Note
: I have yet to find court documents regarding the "lots" division of the enslaved or any other property.

It seems that during 1844 Benjamin began gifting his children, or at least some of them, their share of enslaved.  It was around this time that Letitia moved enslaved from Tennessee to Missouri. We also know that Letitia received additional enslaved from her father's estate.  This is probably when Hester left Tennessee and moved to Missouri.  We do not know if either of her parents or any of her siblings also went to Missouri.

On 10 June 1844 it looks like Benjamin's son-in-law Alexander Ish mortgaged his wife's share of the enslaved:
Recvd of Benjamin Prater Sr $ 2,750  payment in full for 13 negroes: Lovey aged 40 or 4years, Charles 28, Bethanie and child James the first aged 18 years the latter 7 months, Mary aged forty or four years, Leana 19 yeas, Burr 17 yrs, Freeman 13 yrs, Amanda 10 yrs, Joshua 8 yrs, Lavinia 6 yrs, and Dalilah 4 yrs and Diana 12 yrs which negroes I warrant sound and sensible with the exception of Lovey Leana and Bom/Burr who are suffering from bodily disease and further more I do warrant and defend the right title interest and claim of said negroes to the said Benjamin Prater his heirs and assigns forever against the claims of me oe my heirs Executors assigns and Adminstrators and against the claim or claims of any other person or persons whatsoever in witness whereof I do hereunto affix my hand and seal this day and year I have written.    Signed Alexander Ish
Witnesses:  George Thompson, H B Leeper, James Prater

A partial list of Benjamin Prather's enslaved:
Evaline born  abt 1819 - mother of Albert b abt 1842.
Jean - born before 1807 see above Bill of Sale
Abigal "old woman" in 1842
Dinah "girl" in 1845
Marry born abt 1804
Lovey born  abt 1804
Charles born  abt 1816
Leana born  abt 1825
Bethany mother of James born abt 1826
Burr born abt 1827
Freeman born abt 1831
Amanda born abt 1834
Joshua born abt 1836
Lavinia born abt 1838
Dahlilah born abt 1840
James s/o Bethany born abt Dec 1843
Diana born abt 1832

On 27 Sep 1848 Wyatt Layne planed an advertisement in the Republican Banner, a Nashville publication, seeking the return of an enslaved man named Simon, age 22, with a $100 reward. Benjamin Prather was his previous enslaver. Wyatt Layne was Benjamin's nephew.

Advertisement for escaped enslaved Simon

1850 Slave Schedule   Roane Co TN    Benjamin F Prather
71 Slaves:

    80-year-old Black female b. abt. 1770 - possibly Abigail
    56-year-old Black male b. abt. 1794
    50-year-old Black female b. abt. 1800
    36-year-old Black female b. abt. 1814
    45-year-old mulatto female b. abt. 1805 - possibly Marry or Lovey
    54-year-old Black male b. abt. 1796
    49-year-old Black male b. abt. 1801
    29-year-old Black male b. abt. 1821
    27-year-old Black male b. abt. 1823
    38-year-old Black male b. abt. 1812 - possibly Charles Ish? David Ish? May have been later enslaved by Benjamin's daughter Elizabeth Ish.
    30-year-old Black male b. abt. 1820
    25-year-old Black male b. abt. 1825
    24-year-old Black male b. abt. 1826 - possibly Burr
    22-year-old Black male b. abt. 1828
    22-year-old Black male b. abt. 1828
    21-year-old Black male b. abt. 1829
    19-year-old Black male b. abt. 1831 - probably Freeman
    57-year-old Black female b. abt. 1793 - possibly Leven Ish? May have been later enslaved by Benjamin's daughter Elizabeth Ish.
    43-year-old Black female b. abt. 1807
    49-year-old Black female b. abt. 1801
    26-year-old Black female b. abt. 1824
    35-year-old Black female b. abt. 1815
    34-year old Black female b. abt. 1816
    19-year-old Black female b. abt. 1831
    20-year-old Black female b. abt. 1830
    19-year-old Black female b. abt. 1831
    18-year-old Black female b. abt. 1832 - possibly Nancy Prater? Enslaved by Benjamin's grandson James, son of Thomas.
    18-year-old Black female b. abt. 1832 - probably Diana
    16-year-old Black female b. abt. 1834 - possibly Amanda
    16-year-old Black female b. abt. 1834
    13-year-old Black female b. abt. 1837 - possibly Hester Danforth
    12-year-old Black female b. abt. 1838 - probably Lavinia
    15-year-old Black male b. abt. 1835 - possibly Joshua
    17-year-old Black male b. abt. 1833
    13-year-old Black male b. abt. 1837
    11-year-old Black male b. abt. 1839
    10-year-old Black male b. abt. 1840
    14-year-old Black female b. abt. 1836
    10-year-old Black female b. abt. 1840 - possibly Dahlilah
    10-year-old Black female b. abt. 1840
    6-year-old Black female b. abt. 1844
    40-year-old Black female b. abt. 1810
    40-year-old Black female b. abt. 1810
    8-year-old Black male b. abt. 1842
    11-year-old Black male b. abt. 1839
    8-year-old Black male b. abt. 1842
    5-year-old Black female b. abt. 1845
    4-year-old Black female b. abt. 1846
    2-year-old Black male b. abt. 1848
    10-year-old Black male b. abt. 1840
    6-year-old Black female b. abt. 1844
    5-year-old Black female b. abt. 1845
    7-year-old Black male b. abt. 1843 - probably James, son of Bethany born in December
    10-year-old mulatto male b. abt. 1840
    6-year-old Black male b. abt. 1844
    5-year-old Black male b. abt. 1845
    4-year-old Black male b. abt. 1846
    3-year-old Black female b. abt. 1847 - possibly Sarah Ish? May have been enslaved by Benjamin's daughter Elizabeth Ish.
    5-year-old Black male b. abt. 1845
    3-month-old Black male b. abt. 1850 - possibly Jefferson G. Ish, Sr.? May have been enslaved by Benjamin's daughter Elizabeth Ish.
    6-month-old Black female b. abt. 1850
    8-year-old Black female b. abt. 1842
    7-month-old Black female b. abt. 1850
    2-year-old Black male b. abt. 1848
    4-year-old Black female b. abt. 1846
    4-year-old Black male b. abt. 1846
    22-year-old Black female b. abt. 1828 - possibly Parthena Ish? May have been enslaved by Benjamin's daughter Elizabeth Ish.
    14-year-old Black female b. abt. 1836
    11-year-old Black male b. abt. 1839
    1-year-old mulatto male b. abt. 1849
    1-year-old Black female b. abt. 1849 


Immediately after their marriage in 1830 Josiah Danforth and and his 14 year old bride, Letitia,  left Tennessee traveling by ox drawn carts headed to Gasconade County, Missouri, but soon  after arriving Josiah purchased land in  Greene County, Missouri and they settled there. They first built a log cabin on a knoll overlooking Pearson Creek valley which was a resting point during the Cherokee Trail of Tears at Walnut Forest. This village no longer exists, but the location is near Strafford, Missouri.

Greene County, Missouri 1850s

Construction of their large brick home began about 1847 and was not completed until after Josiah's death.  8 enslaved were said to have built the house and more than one source says they were Letitia's enslaved from her father Benjamin.  Letitia's enslaved which she brought from the south made the brick for the house in a kiln near the large spring that heads Pearson Creek. The house was not completed until 1851.

Josiah F and Letitia Danforth home near Strafford, MO

1840 Census Greene County, Missouri - Josiah F Danforth
9 Slaves:
1 M under 10, 3 M 10-23, 2 F under 10, 1 F 10-23, 2 F 24-35

From the  Slave Narrative of Nelson Danforth, enslaved of Josiah F Danforth's brother Erskine Danforth:

"Josiah Finley Danforth owned much land East of Springfield, and was a member of the state legislature for several terms. In order to regain his health, which had been poor, he started overland for California in 1849, and died on the way, in New Mexico, in that year. The large brick home which he had commenced building on his land east of Springfield, was completed by his widow, and still stands, a fine building."

In 1849 Josiah was traveling to California but only got as far as Las Vegas when he became gravely ill and died. He gave "his loyal slave Cato" his freedom and Cato was asked to bring back to Josiah's widow Letitia the family Bible and his watch.

Will of Josiah Findly Danforth   Greene County, Missiouri
Written 30 Apr 1849  Probate 6 Oct 1849 
Book A #3 pg 662
...  I will and bequeath unto my beloved wife Letitia Danforth all the property both real and personal and all debts, dues and demands that are due and owing to me... 
... authorizing  the said Letitia Danforth to sell and dispose of all and any property that may be subject or is going to waste either by Public or Private Sale, keeping and reserving to herself for her own use and the use of my children as much as she may need. Renting and Managing the lands to the best advantage, hiring a part or all of the negroes as she may think best and should any of the Servants prove refractory and unmanagable then and in that case she is hereby allowed and permitted to sell them and put the money to such use as she may think most profitable, not allowing it to be squandered, requiring the said Letitia to educate and clothe the children out of the proceeds of the property without disposing of lands or negroes for that purpose, all to be done free of charge to them. The rents of lands, increase of Stock and hire of negroes being sufficient I wish my children to have a liberal Education.

Note: Josiah F Danforth was a very wealthy man   He left behind his widow, Letitia, and several children.

1850 Slave Schedule  Greene County, MO    Letitia, widow of Josiah F Danforth
19 Slaves:
F 44, F 34, F 26, M 24, M 22, M 28, M 21, M 18, M 14,  F 15, M 10, M 8, M 5, M 4, F 6, F 3, F 3, M 2, F 2

On 26 May 1851 Letitia Prather Danforth married Daniel Dorsey Berry in Greene County, Missouri. Hester would now be his legal property.

Daniel Dorsey Berry was born 16 July 1805 in Baltimore, Maryland and died 9 Oct 1862 in Memphis, Tennessee.  He was the son of Benjamin Berry 1868-1815 and Elizabeth Ridgely Dorsey 1765-1839.  Daniel married 1st Olivia Marbury Polk 1811-1850 and they had at least ten children. He and his second wife, Letitia, had one son: Alexander Russell Berry 1852-1918.

1843 Tax List   Greene County, MO    D D Berry
12 slaves
, pleasure carriage, 2 timepieces and more.

1850 Slave Schedule   District 34 Greene County MO  Daniel D Berry [prior to his marriage to Letitia]
72 Slaves
:  M 45, M 35 Mu, M 18 Mu, F 16, M 8 Mu, F 4 Mu, F 4 Mu, M 2 Mu, F 2 Mu, F 32 Mu, F 8 Mu , M 7, M 6, M 4, F 78, F 12, M 10, F 5, F 7Mu , F 6 Mu, M 4 Mu, M 2 Mu, F 28 Mu, M 11, M 10, M 9, M 6, M 5, M 3, F 34, M 20, M 34, M 28, M 25, M 25, M 16 Mu, M 24 Mu, M 25 Mu, F 20, F 18 Mu, F 17 Mu, F 15 Mu, F 13, M 21, M 25 Mu, F 50, M 21, M 25, F 25,

Daniel Berry was said to be the wealthiest man in Greene County, Missouri.  In fact he owned over 6 square miles of property in that county, plus thousands of acres of land in nearby counties.  By 1860 his real estate was estimated at $175,000 ($6,811,000 today) and personal property was valued at $125,000 ($4,865,000 today.)

In 1856 Greene County Assessor's books listed him with 32 slaves, 20 horses, 44 cattle, 63 jacks and mules, 2 pleasure carriages, 7 town lots in Springfield, and 2268 acres of land in Greene County for a total evaluation of $58,580 which would be $22,885,000 today.  This was just for his Greene County propery and does not include his land and property in other Missouri counties which were many.

Sometime before 1853, Hester married Oscar Danforth, Sr.  Oscar was born enslaved about 1831 in Tennessee and died after 1905 in Springfield, Missouri.  

Hester and Oscar Danforth had the following children:

  • Sarah Danforth born abt 1853 Greene County, MO; probably died in Texas
  • Dilsey Danforth born July 1856 Greene County, MO; died abt1911 in McLennan County, TX. She married Charlie Anderson [see below for children]
  • George Danforth born 1858 Greene County, MO; died 3 Mar 1936 in Bosqueville, McLennan County, TX. He married 1.Charity Weaver. Their children: Levier Danforth b1879 TX and Oscar Danforth 1887-1956.  He married 2. Lovie __?__ and they had a son L T Jenkins b1906 TX.

1860 Slave Schedule  Campbell Township, Greene County, MO  Daniel D Berry
43 Slaves
; 4 Slave Dwellings:  M 60, F 48, M 20,M 12, F 16, F 60, M 14, M 17, M 14, M 14, F 40, F 18, M 15, M 40, M 40, M 18, M 8, M 5, M 2, F 40, M 18, F 8, M 5, M 3, M 26, F 25, M 2, F 24, M 5, M 3, M 3mos, F 23, M 5, M 0, M 2, M 2, M 25, F 22, F 5, F 4, M 1, F 55, F 22
Note: The persons in bold are probably Oscar, Hester and their children.  This record does not include enslaved in other counties where Berry owned property.

Then came the Civil War.  After the firing on Fort Sumter, the Missouri Governor had a company of State Guard organized in Greene County which was commanded by Daniel Berry's son-in-law Captain "Dick" Campbell.   The Confederates evacuated Springfield, Missouri and headed to Arkansas. About October 1861 Daniel Berry and his family and some of his enslaved evacuated for Memphis, Tennessee.  His "mansion house" in Greene County, Missouri became Union troops headquarters and later a hospital for the war wounded.

On 8 November 1861, after Berry had left, there was a "Slave Stampede" in Springfield, Missouri.  More than 150 enslaved escaped into the Union camp of abolitionist Brig. General Joseph H Lane's Kansas Brigade, known as the Jayhawkers. Although Lane allowed slaveholders to search his camp not a single freedom seeker was recaptured. Lane was headquartered in the home of Daniel Dorsey Berry who had left behind 5 enslaved when he fled to Memphis. The 150 enslaved were escorted to Fort Scott, Kansas. The wagon train stretched out over a mile and in the end included approximately 218 enslaved who all reached freedom.   I suspect Oscar Danforth was probably not in Springfield at this time, but was on another of Berry's properties which were at some distance. Otherwise he may very well have sought his own freedom with the Jayhawkers.

Between Feb 1861 and 9 Oct 1862 when he died, Berry can be traced through probate records.  There is a bill for "medicines for deed" along with an expense for sending a messenger from Memphis to Bolivar, TN.  A deed was recorded in Bolivar and an invoice for "moving Negroes and furniture to Memphis" as well as other receipts.  Hester and her children were among those making the move, however Oscar remained with other of Berry's enslaved in Missouri.   Though Berry's probate records contain 179 pages I can find no appraisement or record of the sale of enslaved. The estate was not finally settled until after 1889.

Still in Missouri, Oscar Danforth remarried in 1862 to Ruth whose maiden name may be Jarrett. Oscar was a Blacksmith and lived at 916 S Grant Street in Springfield, Missouri most of his life and died there after 1905. He always said his parents were born in Tennessee but we do not know their names. He and Ruth had 6 children all born in Greene County, Missouri.

Oscar Danforth family home in Springfield MO
  

Children of Oscar Danforth and Ruth

  1. Georgia Danforth born 1862 married C Thomas Kimbro/Kimbrough 1862-1900 and had at least one child.
  2. Mary Danforth born 1864
  3. Minta / Mintie Danforth born 1866
  4. Cora Danforth was born 9 July 1870 and died 1 Jan 1937. She married Edward Ellison 1870-1947, a Frisco Railroad worker. He is the son of Katie Larkin Ellison b1852 AL d Christian County, MO
  5. Dora Danforth was born 1871 and married John Layton. They had at least 9 children.
  6. Peter A Danforth was born May 1874. He married Mattie b1877 in Kentucky.  Peter was a Blacksmith. In the 1900 Census Peter is living next door to his parents and a half brother James Headley.

Ruth's children from a previous marriage

  1. James Headley born Sep 1854 MO married Clara b 1854 MO. They had a son Robert b1874. James was a Stone Mason and lived in Greene County, MO all his life.
  2. Jane Headley born 1856 MO
  3. Lucinda Headley born Jan 1857 MO and died 6 Dec 1909 Springfield, MO. She married Alexander George Ward 1856-1920.  They had 9 children.
  4. Manda Headley born 1859 MO 

By 1865 Letitia was living in Texas with her enslaved. Among them were Hester and her children.
Letitia married Louis A Powell on 25 Aug 1865 in Cherokee County, Texas

Louis A Powell was born 1806 in North Carolina and died 1878 in Texas or Missouri.  He and his first wife Emily had at least 8 children.  He and Letitia had no children together.   Louis A Powell was the enslaver of Luke/Louis Powell born about 1836 in North Carolina and his father Thomas born about 1812 in North Carolina.

1840 Census  Attala County, MS Lewis A Powell
13 Slaves:
2 M under 10, 3 M 10-23, 2 M 24-35, 1 M 36-54, 1 F under 10, 1 F 10-23, 1 F 24-35, 1 F 36-54

On 20 May 1846 Powell received a patent for 1,476.13 acres of land in the Robertson District of Navarro, County, Texas.  This tract of land was granted to his heirs after Powell's death.

In 1849 Powell purchased two tracts of land totaling 1600 acres in the Robertson District of Navarro County, Texas.  

All of the above land was part of the Robertson's Colony, an empresario grant to Sterling C Robertson in the 1830s. It became part of Navarro County in 1946 and later part of it became McLennan County in 1850.

1860 Agriculture Schedule. McLennan Co TX
1300 ac: 140 improved, 1160 unimproved. 15 horse, 6 mules, 16 milk cows, 12 working oxen, 34 other cattle, 100 swine

1860 Slave Schedule Bosqueville, McLennan County, TX
9 Enslaved:
  M 65, M 40, M 36, M 34, M 23, M 16, M 3, F 45, F 18

1865 Tax Roll  Cherokee County, TX - Louis A Powell
Note: this was just an index, so there were no details given.

By the terms agreed to when Letitia married Daniel Berry in 1851, Letitia was to receive $400/year from Berry's estate in exchange for renouncing her dower claims. She was paid $1,200 in 1865 for the years 1863, 1864, and 1865.  She also was entitled to all of the property she brought into that marriage and until the end of the war she had her enslaved with her, as well as some of Berry's.  As part of Berry's estate settlement Letitia accepted a cash settlement in January 1867 in Waco, Texas.  By the 1870s Letitia was back in Greene County, Missouri at her Danforth home where she died in 1886.  

About 1867 Hester Danforth married Luke / Louis Powell.  Luke was born about 1836 in North Carolina.  He was the son of Thomas Powell who was born 1812 in North Carolina. Luke and his father Thomas were both enslaved by Louis A Powell, husband of Letitia Prather Danforth Berry.  

Thomas Powell married Mary Evans 1833 - 1915 before 1850 and they had the following children:

  1. Lemira / Semira Powell born 1850 TX  She had a daughter named Chloe born 1870
  2. Chloe Powell born 1859 TX
  3. Elijah R Powell born 1860 TX and died 1936 Waco, TX. He married Louisa Weaver 1865-1943. They had 8 children. Louisa was the daughter of Arthur Weaver and Evelina Chaffier.
  4. Mariah / Mary Powell born 1863 TX
  5. Anne "Annie" Powell born 1868 Waco, TX and died 15 July 1924 Chatt, Hill County, TX where she was living with her son Thomas James "Tom" Anderson.  Anne married R John "Jettie" Anderson on 17 Dec 1885 in Waco, TX. They were married by Reverend E B Weaver.  Annie was a widow by 1910.  They had at least 4 children.
  6. William Powell born 1872 TX
  7. Edward 

Hester Danforth and Luke Powell's children:

  1. Missouri Powell born about 1867 TX and died after 1950 probably in Waco, TX. She married James Stephens 1866-1950 and they had at least 5 children.
  2. W D Powell (male) born 1872 TX
  3. Thomas Powell born 1873 TX. In 1900 his sister Mary and her two daughters were living with him.
  4. A L Powell (female) born 1875
  5. Mary E Powell born 1878. She married 1st James Knott 1875-1900 and they had 2 children and 2nd  William Davis b1867. They had 2 children together. [James Knott may be related to the Knott family here.]

Luke Powell's children from a previous marriage:

  1. Lafayette Powell born 1855 Bosqueville, TX and died 21 May 1934 Ross, TX. He married Ophelia b1861.  Lafayette was a farmer.
  2. Ishman/Ishmael Powell born 1858 TX and died 13 May 1933 McLennan County, TX. He married Tishey Owens b1862 and they had 4 children. Ishman was a farmer.
  3. Abraham Powell born 1863
  4. Esther / Hester Powell born 1867 and died 10 Jan 1938.

 

1867 Freedmen's Bureau Records  McLennan County, TX
Luke Powell and others VS L A Powell

Complains that Louis A Powell has this 4 Jan 1867 made them vacate his premises - that said Powell refused to furnish them rations and while they are now in employed in gathering in their crop according to contract.    Settled.

1870 Agriculture Schedule  West of the Brazos River, McLennan County, TX
Luke Powell
- 30 improved acres. 1 horse, 6 swine, 400 bushels Indian corn.
Next to him is his father Thomas Powell with 15 improved acres, 1 horse, 2 swine, 150 bushels Indian corn.

1870 Census  East Waco, McLennan County, TX

Dwelling 93  Family 77   all Black
Powell, Thomas 
58, bNC Works in Brickyard    Luke's father
  
Mary  37 bAL   Thomas md2 Mary Evans 1833-1914.
            The following children are Luke's half siblings.

   Lemira  20 bTX
   Chloe  1 bTX
   Elias  10 bTX
   Maria 7 bTX
   Anne  2 bTX

Dwelling 94  Family 78   all Black
Powell, Luke 
34 bNC Works in Brickyard
   Esther/Hester  33 bTN
   Sarah  17 bMO
   Dilza  15 bMO
   George  14 bMO
   Missouri  3 bTX
   Lafayette  14 bTX
   Ismael  12 bTX
   Abraham  7 bTX
   Esther  3  bTX

1870 Census West of Brazos River, McLennan County, TX

Dwelling 561   all Black
Powell, Richard 
64 bNC Farm Laborer    brother of Thomas (the father of Luke)
   Thema 49 bMX
   Ismael  14 bTX

Dwelling 560  Family 553   all White
Powell, Louis
64 bNC Farmer. Real Estate$3750 PersProp$1000
   Letitia  53 bTN 
* Many Black Powell families nearby


1873  Cherokee County, TX
Dilsey Danforth married Charlie Anderson on 27 Dec 1873.  It is interesting they married in Cherokee County since they were living in McLennan County.  Seems like a long way to travel - roughly 130 miles. However, in 1865 the enslaver Louis A Powell was on the Cherokee County tax rolls and this is where he married Letitia Prather Danforth Berry.  It's reasonable to assume Dilsey (and her mother Hester and siblings) lived there at that time and in 1873 still had family and friends there.

By 1865 there were 250,000 enslaved in Cherokee County.  After the war the freed enslaved founded many of their own communities.  The Texas Freedom Colonies Project has located 19 freedom colonies in Cherokee County:  Blount’s Chapel, Bulah, Church Hill, Cuney, Delmer, Elm Grove, Green Chapel, Holly Springs, Jacksonville, Lost Ball, Macedonia, Mount Comfort, Mount Haven, Mount Olive, New Hope, Old Larissa, Pine Grove, Pine Hill, Pleasant Plains, Pleasant View, Rock Hill, Shady Grove, St. Thomas Chapel, Sweet Union, Weeping Mary, and Woodville.  It's possible Dilsey's family and friends lived in one or more of them.  

Cherokee County Freedom Colonies
Credit: University of Virginia and Dr Andrea Roberts


Charles "Charlie" Anderson was born 1 Mar 1850 in Mississippi and died 27 Feb 1937 in Oklahoma. He is the probable son of Sarah Anderson. She was born about 1820 in Mississippi and died sometime after 1880 probably in Waco, TX.  Though we do not know her parents names, they were both born in Virginia. Known children of Sarah include:  Charlie, Aaron, Sam, Major and Abram.  Charlie, Sarah and her other children were enslaved by Dr Reuben Anderson and his wife Jane. They moved from Mississippi to Freestone County, Texas around 1863.

The Andersons lived NW of Fairfield near Kirvin.

In 1866 Charlie was in Waco, Texas.
1866 Freedmen's Bureau Records 1865-1878  Waco, McLennan County, TX
Munro Turney FMC vs John Elliott, Charlie Anderson, John Crockerum, Ike Kinney, all FMC [Free Men of Color]    Cause of Action: Assault and Battery, Threats, etc. on Saturday Nov 17th at 2pm.
Case withdrawn. Plaintiff not appearing.

1867  Voter Registration July 1867-69  McLennan County, TX    Line #213
Charlie Anderson, Colored, born in Mississippi, registered to vote on July 1.

1867 Voter Registration  Freestone County, TX
Abram Anderson
, Colored, registered to vote on July 25.   Charlie's brother (son of Sarah)

Though I have gone through several county's 1870 Census - page by page - I did not find Charlie listed.  However, I did find his mother still in Freestone County.

1870 Census  Freestone County, TX  PO Fairfield
Dwelling 148    all WHITE
Anderson, Jane
48 bTN Widow (of Reuben)    
Ella 20 bMS   
William  18 bMS    
John A  17  bMS    
Reubin  15  bMS    
Hugh H  13  bMS  

Dwelling 149  all BLACK
Anderson, Sarah
  50 bMS
   Aaron  17  bMS
   Sam  11  bMS
   Major  7 bMS

Luke Powell died in 1878.  In the 1880 Census Hester is a widow living with her children.   Meanwhile Charlie Anderson's mother is still in Freestone County.  See below.  

1880 Census  Waco, McLennan, TX
Dwelling 177
  Family 177   all BLACK
Anderson, C  28 bMS  Farmer
   Dilsey  23 bMO Wife Mother bTN
   Jincy  5 bTX  Daughter
   Matty  2 bTX  Daughter
   David  1 bTX  Son
Brown, Julia  6 bTX  Boarder
Anderson, Abram  17 bTX  Brother  Fieldhand  Brother of Charlie/son of Sarah

Dwelling 178 Family 178   all BLACK
Powell, Hester
  48 bTN  Father bVA  Widow
   Missouri  13 bTX  Father bMS  Mother bTN
   Thomas  7 bTX 
   A S   5 bTX  Daughter
   Mary  2 bTX

Dwelling 179  Family 179  all BLACK
Danforth, George 
24 bMO  Farmer  Father bMO  Mother bTN  Brother of Dilsey (son of Hester)
   Charity  19 bArk    This is Charity Weaver daughter of Harriet
   Levier  1 bTX  Daughter
Watkins, James 19 bTX  Laborer   Boarder

Dwelling 183  Family 183  all BLACK
Weaver, Harriet
  36 bARK    Mother of Charity (wife of George Danforth)
   Seab  20 bARK Parents bARK Fieldhand
   Missouria  16 bTX
   Stephen  9 bTX
   Charles  8 bTX
   H E  2 bTX (daughter)

Dwelling 191  Family 191
Powell, Thomas 
67 bNC  Mother bNC  Farmer     Luke Powell's father
   Elija  21  bTX
   Mariah  18 bTX
   Annie  14  bTX
   Hester  13 bTX  Niece
   William  8 bTX

On 9 Oct 1871 the Texas Governor imposed martial law on Freestone county due to reports of coercion and fraudulent voting in Fairfield. New elections were ordered and carried out in the presence of bayonets with voters in single file marching to the polls. White voters alternating with Black in the long line.  There were two elections like this and each took four days. 
In 1880 we find Charlie Anderson's mother Sarah living Freestone County within the household of Jane Anderson, widow of Reuben Anderson, her former enslavers. 

1880 Census  Freestone TX
Dwelling 213   both W and B

Anderson, Jane M  58 bTN Parents bVA  WHITE  Widow of Dr Reuben Anderson
   John 28 bTN  Parents bTN  Farmer  WHITE
   Ruben L  25 bTN  Parents bTN  Farmer  WHITE
Badgett, Sam 30 bTX Father bLA  Mother bVA  Farm Laborer BLACK
Anderson, Sarah  60 bMS Parents bVA Widow  Domestic Servant Cook  BLACK
Hobbs, John  40  bVA Parents bVA Farm Laborer  BLACK

On the same page of that census is Sarah's son (Charlie's brother) Aaron with his wife Vina and their children. Aaron married Vina Carter on 13 Sep 1873 and she was a widow by 1900. Another brother, Major, is also still in Freestone County.

1880 Census Freestone County, TX
Dwelling 225   all BLACK

Anderson, Aaron 30 bTN  Father bTN  Mother bVA  Farmer 
   Vina 35 bAL  Father bAL  Mother bGA
   Lelia 19 bTX
   Adam  16 bTX
   Margaret 14 bTX
   Sarah 13 bTX
   Titus  11 bTX
   Andrew  9 bTX

Dwelling 545  both W and B
Henry, Caleb 32  Farmer  WHITE
   Matilda C  26   WHITE
   Mary L  2   WHITE
Anderson, Major  17  Farm Laborer  BLACK  Charlie's brother (Sarah's son)
Gibson, A H 54  Widow  WHITE
Johnson, Carey  21  Farm Laborer  BLACK
Henderson, R  21  Farm Laborer  BLACK
Griffith, John L 23  Laborer  WHITE
Prince, Peggy  25  Laborer  BLACK

1880 AG Schedule Freestone TX   Aron Anderson
60 acres on shares.1 milk cow, 2 oxen, 2 calves, 3 cattle.  30 lbs butter, 4 swine, 20 poultry. 20 ac Indian corn/100 bushels.  21 ac cotton/5 bales. 1/2 ac sweet potatoes/11 bushels.  6 ac tobacco/30 lbs. 8 cords wood

1880 Agriculture Schedule  District 106 McLennan County, TX    Charlie Anderson
Charlie was renting on shares. 20 ac. 10 ac  Indian Corn / 150 bushels; 10 ac cotton/3 bales.  Value of farm with all implements 4350.  3 mules. 1 milk cow, 1 other , 1 calf.  20 lbs butter. 6 swine, 20 poultry, 100 dozen eggs. 50 cords of wood cut

On 27 Nov 1888 Hester Danforth Powell married Dudley Whitaker in McLennan County, Texas. The were married by Reverend E B Weaver who was probably related to Charity Weaver, wife of George Danforth who was Hester's son.   Dudley Whitaker was born in May 1842 in Alabama and died about 1933 in Waco, Texas.  He was first married to Dorsey Deckard, daughter of Samuel Deckard and Charity Ricks.  Hester and Dudley had at least one child. Lillie Whitaker was born Oct 1888 in McLennan County, Texas. [See more about Samuel Deckard and Charity Ricks]

1900 Census   Precinct 4, McLennan County, TX

Dwelling 24  all BLACK   Renting Farm
Anderson, Charlie
  50 bMS May 1850  Parents bMS Farmer
   Dilsey  43  bMO  16 children born/10 living
   Lula  19 bTX
   Ben  19 bTX
   Cora  16 bTX
   George  15 bTX
   Josiah  13 bTX
   Heather/Hester  11 bTX
   Charley  8 bTX
   Aggie  7 bTX
   Lucille  3 bTX
   Jimie  bMay 1900 TX

Dwelling 36   all BLACK
Whitaker, Dudley 
58 bAL
   Hester  65 bTN Parents bVA  14 children born/6 living
   Clara  20 bTX    Daughter of Dorsey Deckard
   Thomas 17 bTX  May be son of Hester
   Lillie  12  bTX

Dwelling 37  all BLACK
Danforth, George 
44 bMO  Father bMO Mother bTN Farmer  Dilsey's brother (Hester's son)
   Charity  43 bARK  Parents bARK  1 child born/1 living
   Oscar  20  bTX  Named after George's father


1910 Census  Bosqueville, McLennan County, TX  Nace and Barquero Roads

Dwelling 116   all BLACK
Danforth, Oscar
  28 bTX    Son of George/grandson of Hester
   Maud  23 bTX
   Carl  3 bTX
   Oscar Jr  18 mos bTX

Dwelling 119  all BLACK
Anderson, Charles
  60 bMS  Farmer  Renting farm 
   Dilsey  49 bMO
   Georgia  25 bTX
   Josie  22  bTX
   Hester  21  bTX
   Charlie  19  bTX
   Aggie  17  bTX
   Herman  9  bTX

Dwelling 120   all BLACK
Anderson, Ben
  28 bTX    Ben is Charlie and Dilsey's son
   Georgia  25  bTX
   Mattie L  9mos  bTX

Dilsey Danforth Anderson died on 2 Feb 1911 in McLennan County, Texas.  She is buried in Bosqueville Baptist Church Cemetery in Bosqueville, McLennan County, Texas.

Bosqueville Baptist Church Cemetery

Dilsey's mother, Hester Danforth Powell Whitaker, died sometime before 1912. She disappears from the records and her husband, Dudley Whitaker, remarried in June 1912.  So far I have not found a death certificate for her or where she is buried.

By 1920 Charlie has moved to Oklahoma with some of his children.  Hanna, Oklahoma was in the Creek Nation.  There were early buildings there in 1895.  In 1902 a US Post Office was established at Hasson/Hanna.  It is about 35-40 miles south of Beggs, Oklahoma.

1920 Census   Hanna, McIntosh, OK
Dwelling 93  all BLACK
Anderson, Charles
A  65 bMS Widowed  Farmer  Renting
   George  37  bTX Widowed son
   Josie 32  bTX  Widowed daughter
   Charley  29  bTX son
   Herman  19  bTX son


Charlie Anderson died 27 Feb 1937 in Oklahoma. He is buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Eufaula, McIntosh County, Oklahoma.

Charlie Anderson memorial in Evergreen Cemetery

Children of Dilsey Danforth and Charlie Anderson:

  • Jinnie/Jeanetta Anderson was born June 1875 in McLennan County, Texas and died 29 Jan 1951 in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma. Jinnie is buried in Northwest Cemetery in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma. She married Alonzo "Lonny" Whittaker on 20 Dec 1893 in McLennan County, Texas. Alonzo was born 13 Apr 1873 in Texas and died 24 Apr 1962 in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma.  Alonzo was a farmer and they lived in the Bosqueville area. By 1915 they moved to Morris, Oklahoma.  Alonzo was the son of Booker T Whittaker and Jane Knott. [Jane Knott married 1st Booker T Whitaker and 2nd Alfred "Fred" Deckard, Sr. [ See more about these families here.] 
    Jinnie and Alonzo had at least 9 children:
    1. Ethel Whittaker born 1894 and died 1982.
    2. Izellar Whittaker was born 1897 and died 1960. She married _?_ Hopkins.
    3. Mattie Agusta Whittaker born 1900 and died 1999
    4. Elbridge Whittaker born 1901 and died 1961.
    5. Otto Whittaker born 1904; died 1969
    6. Ruth Whittaker born 1906
    7. Alonzo Whittaker, Jr born 1908 Waco, TX; died 2000 
    8. Preston born 1910
    9. Vordy Whittaker born 1913 Okmulgee County, OK; died 1996 
  • Matty Anderson was born Jan 1877 in McLennan County, Texas.  She married Sardoes H Henderson before 1900.  It was a second marriage for both of them. Sardoes was born 1876 in Alabama.  In the 1900 Census Matty was married, working for the white family of Hyman Gross where she was the cook.   In 1910 Matty and Sardoes's adopted daughter Ina May Hill, age 5, was living with them. Sardoes was a wagon driver for a lumber company.

  • David Anderson was born Apr 1879 in McLennan County, Texas.  He may be the David Anderson who married Naome in 1899, then lived at Falls County, Texas. This couple had at least one child: Willie Anderson born June 1899 in Texas.

  • Ben "Bull Dog" Anderson was born Feb 1881 in McLennan County, Texas. Ben married Georgia _?_ and they had at least one child: Mattie L Anderson born 1910.   In 1900 Ben was a student and living with his parents. By 1910 he was married and living in Bosqueville next to them.   In 1921 an incident occurred and on 30 Mar 1923 Ben was in prison for murder.  He pleaded not guilty, but was convicted and sentenced to 5-12 years at Huntsville Prison.  According to their records his alias was "Bull Dog" and was 5'7" tall, weighed 150 lbs, brown eyes, black hair and wore a size 9 shoe.  He had a scar on his left forearm up the outside and another small scar on his right side.  He was married, used tobacco, did not drink. He had no church affiliation. Ben was sentenced on 3 Nov 1921; sentenced affirmed 14 Mar 1923 and issued 30 Mar 1923. His sentence would expire on 30 Mar 1935.  However, he was discharged 9 June 1930.

  • Lula Bell Anderson was born 22 Feb 1881 in Waco, Texas and died Mar 1970. She married Booker T Whittaker, Jr on 5 Dec 1900 in McLennan County, Texas. Booker was born Dec 1880 in Texas and died in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma.  Booker was the son of Booker T Whittaker, Sr and Jane Knott Whittaker Deckard. [see more about Jane here]  Booker is a brother of Alonzo Whittaker who married Lulu's sister Jinnie.  Before 1907 Lula and Booker moved to Severs, Okmulgee, Oklahoma.  In 1940 living 2 doors from Alonzo Whittaker and Jinnie, Lula is a widow and living with her son Booker T III age 19, his wife Roberta also 19, and their daughter Vivian Loretta age 6 months.  Booker was born 13 Feb 1920 and worked for the St Louis San Francisco Railroad.
    Lula Bell Anderson and Booker T Whittaker, Jr had at least 5 children:
    1. May Willie Whittaker born 1903
    2. Loy [male] Whittaker born 1907
    3. Lula Whittaker born 1910
    4. Ruby Whittaker born 1914
    5. Booker T Whittaker III born 1920  

    Cora Anderson was born Dec 1883 in Bosqueville, McLennan County, Texas and died 1836 at Beggs, Okmulgee, Oklahoma .  See below for more about Cora.

  • George Anderson was born Jan 1885 in McLennan County, Texas.  George married J Oneda Martin on 23 May 1914 in Okmulgee, Oklahoma. Their witnesses included Lucile Anderson, George's sister.  12 Sep 1918 George registered for the Draft in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma. His Draft Registration card states his father as Charlie Anderson and that he is short, stout with black hair and eyes and no scars. He was a farmer.    In 1920 George is "widowed" and  living with his father Charlie and siblings Josie, Charley and Herman and Hanna, McIntosh County, Oklahoma. On 15 Nov 1924 Mrs. Oneda Anderson married Joe Burney in Beggs, Oklahoma.

  • Josiah Anderson was born Aug 1886 in McLennan County, Texas.  In 1900 and 1910 he was living with his parents Dilsey and Charlie.

  • Josie Anderson was born 1888 in McLennan County, Texas.  In 1920 Josie was a widow and living with her father Charlie Anderson and her siblings George, Charley and Herman in Hanna, Oklahoma. By 1930 Josie is divorced, working as a laundress and living in Okmulgee, Oklahoma with her daughter Willie M Anderson who was born 1922.  In 1940 Josie is working as a housekeeper and her daugher Willie Mae is still there, but so is Willie Mae's son Alfred Tarkington, born 1939.  By 1960 Josie is living with her daughter Willie Mae whose surname is now Taylor and Willie Mae's children Alfred Tarkington 11, Henry W Tarkington 9, and Richard E Taylor 5.

  • Hester Anderson was born 13Feb 1889 in Waco, Texas and died before 1950 in Okmulgee, Okmulgee County, Oklahoma.  She married John Cobb on 12 Mar 1911in McLennan County, Texas. John was born 1888 in Texas and died Oct 1973. He registered for the Draft in Okmulgee Oklahoma on 6 May 1917. At that time he was living at 112 Muskogee Ave and was a laborer for John Hamilton. His Draft card states he was medium height, stout with brown eyes, black hair, not bald and not disabled. In 1920 Hester and John were living in Okmulgee Ward 1, Okmulgee County, Oklahoma with two boarders:  Paul James 22 and Mathew James 21, both born in Alabama.  John was a laborer at Creek Grain Company. He and Hester owned their home free and clear.   John and Hester were still in Okmulgee in 1940 where Hester was working as a laundress at a private home.  By 1950 John is widowed and unable to work. He was living at 508 N Muskogee in Okmulgee, Oklahoma.

  • Charley Anderson was born 16 Dec 1890 in Waco, McLennan County, Texas. In 1917 Charley registered for the Draft in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma. His Draft card states he was a farmer, single, and the son of Charlie Anderson.  He was described as short, stout with black eyes, hair and no disabilities. He married Mary Jones on 21 July 1928 - a second marriage for them both. She is Mrs Mary Jones, so Jones may have been her married surname. They were married by Reverend A Harris, Minister of the Missionary Baptist Church in Okmulgee, Oklahoma.  Witnesses were Mary Ann Dalcour and Josie Anderson [Charley's sister.]  Charley and Mary had at least two children:  Dorothy Lee Anderson born 1926 and Carma Anderson born 1928.  In 1930 this family was still living in Okmulgee, Okmulgee County, Oklahoma. He worked for the Okmulgee Northern Railway Company on the Steam Railroad.

  • Aggie Anderson was born 18 Jan 1893 in Waco, McLennan County, Texas and died 30 Mar 1971. 

  • Lucile Anderson was born 1897 in Waco, McLennan County, Texas.

  • Jimmie/Jimmy Anderson was born May 1900 in McLennan County, Texas.  In 1920 Jimmie was living with "Grandfather" Parker Carpenter on N 7th Street in Waco. Jimmie was a Wagon Driver for a Trasfer Company.  [I don't know who Parker Carpenter is. He was 45 in 1920, so not old enough to be Jimmie's grandfather. However other sources say Parker was born about  1851. He was born in Missouri and so was his father, so he may be kin to Hester Danforth Powell Whittaker and Dilsey Danforth Anderson.  Parker was married to Emiline Prather born about 1851 in Tennessee who may also be related to Dilsey]  By 1930 Jimmie and Josephine were still living in Waco where Jimmie was a Building Contractor Helper. They owned their home.

  • Herman Anderson was born 1901 in McLennan County, Texas and died 1924.  He married Lucile Patterson on 9 Jan 1922. They were married by Reverend A Harris at the Missionary Baptist Church in Okmulgee, Oklahoma. Witnesses were L B Wilson and Will Hall.


Cora Anderson
was born Dec 1883 in Bosqueville, McLennan County, Texas and died 1939 in Beggs, Okmulgee, Oklahoma.  In 1900 she was still living with her parents in McLennan County, Texas.  According to information on the 1920 Census around 1903 Cora married a man by the name James. [could be Conway James] No children were born of this union that I could find.

Two years later Cora was in a relationship with Alfred "Fred" Deckard, Jr. Fred was born 25 Jun 1884 in Waco, Texas and died 14 June 1969 in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma.  Fred was the son of Alfred "Fred" Deckard, Sr 1860-1931 and Jane Knott 1858-1942. [See more about these Deckard and Knott families]

Cora and Fred had one child:  Arvie Anderson who was born 19 Mar 1905 in Waco, Texas and died 21 Jan 2000 in Tulsa County, Oklahoma.

Prior to this Fred Deckard had been in a relationship with Lucy Woods, born 1885, and they had a child together. Ocea/Ocie/Acie Deckard was born 1904 in Texas and died 1963 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

In 1910 Ocie was living with her grandfather Wyatt Woods on Nace and Barquero Road in Bosqueville Texas.  In 1920 she was living with her aunt Melba Wilson in Patrick, McLennan County, Texas.  She married Eutee Howard Carmichael, Sr on 5 Oct 1920.    Eutee was born 3 Aug 1900 in Longview, TX and died 27 Jul 1990 in Spencer, OK.   Ocie and Eutee had 5 children: Frances, Freddie Mae, Dorothy, Eutee Howard Jr and an infant (born and died Aug 1921). Ocie and Eutee divorced on 23 Feb 1937 in Oklahoma City.  In 1940 Ocie was "widowed" and living with her children Freddie Mae Carmichael 15, Dorothy Carmichael 11 and Howard Carmichael 4 in Oklahoma City and working as a Laundress.
By 1950 Ocie was living with her children and some grandchildren at 907 N E First Street in Oklahoma City   

Meanwhile, Fred Deckard married Odie Nelson on 21 Jun1905 in Muskogee County, Oklahoma. Odie was born 13 May 1882 in Falls County, Texas and she died 2 Nov 1935 in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma.  Odie gave birth to their first child, daughter Mazie in March 1905 in Okmulgee County, Creek Nation, Indian Territory.   Fred and Odie would go on to have several more children.

In 1907 Cora Anderson gave birth to her second son, Alla/Allie B Anderson.  Allie was born 24 Feb 1907 in McLennan County, Texas and he died 17 Jan  1888 in Tulsa, Oklahoma.  

Cora married Pearl T Fisher on 21 Oct 1909. They were married by Reverend E B Weaver in McLennan County, Texas.  Pearl was born 5 Dec 1881 in Texas and died after 1950 probably in Tulsa.   In 1910 Cora and Pearl were living in Bosqueville, Texas. Cora told the census taker she'd given birth to 2 children and both were living.  Yet neither of her sons were living with her and Pearl at the time. Though I checked censuses I did not find them with any of her family, so my guess is that they were with someone in Pearl's family. 

In 1918 Pearl registered for the Draft in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma. He and Cora were living at RFD 2, Beggs, Oklahoma.  His Draft card states Pearl was slender, tall with black hair, brown eyes and was a farmer.  By 1930 Cora and Pearl were still living in Beggs, next door to Cora's son Allie and his family.

 Allie B Anderson married Beatrice Rashone Walker on 11 Dec 1927 in Okmulgee, Oklahoma. They were married by L Massey. Witnesses were R A Adam, M Scott and J Nelson, all of Okmulgee.  Beatrice was born 2 May 1911 at Castle, Oklahoma and died 5 Oct 1998 at Oakland, California.  She was the daughter of Samuel Walker born 15 Oct 1870 in Tennessee; died Oct 1949 in Castle, Oklahoma and Mary Douglas born about 1872 in Tennessee; died 10 Jan 1949 in Castle.

According to the 1940 Census Allie's stepfather, Pearl Fisher, was living with Allie and his family.  16 Oct 1940 Allie registered for the Draft in Okmulgee Oklahoma. His card states he was a farmer, married to Beatrice and described him as 5'11, 230 lbs, brown eyes, black hair and dark brown complexion. Coordinates for his farm: NE quarter section 24-15-12 in Okmulgee, Oklahoma.  In the early days of their marriage Allie was a farmer, but in 1950 he reported on the census that he was a Cook in a restaurant.

Allie B Anderson and Beatrice Rashone Walker had 11 children:

  1. Della Mae Anderson born abt 1929 Beggs, Oklahoma and died 1964. She is buried in Crown Hill Cemetery in Tulsa, Oklahoma. 
  2. Lareta Jean Anderson was born abt 1931 in Oklahoma
  3. Alfphra Lee Anderson was born abt 1933 in Oklahoma and died 29 Dec 2007 in Dallas Texas. He married Ethel Rose Maloy
  4. Willie  V Anderson was born 20 May 1934 in Beggs, Oklahoma and died 20 Sep 1991 in Tulsa, Oklahome. She married Cortez A Rex, Sr
  5. Nathanel H Anderson was born 21 Mar 1937 in Beggs, Oklahoma and died 7 Oct 2016.  He married Annie Gail McGhee.
  6. Clarice Anderson was born 1940 Oklahoma. She married Andrew Golden in 1958 in Tulsa.
  7. Alla B Anderson was born about 1941 in Oklahoma.  
  8. Charles Anderson was born about 1943 in Oklahoma.
  9. Dottie M Anderson was born 6 Mar 1945 in Beggs, Oklahoma and died 18 Feb 2021. She married Wilbert L Antwine   
  10. Roy Irvin Anderson was born 11 Jul 1947 in Oklahoma and died 17 Jun 2011 in California
  11. Travis Howard Anderson was born 13 May 1955 Tulsa and died 11 Jul 1993. Buried Crown Hill Cemetery, Tulsa


Arvie Anderson
was born 19 Mar 1905 in Waco, Texas and died 21 Jan 2000 in Tulsa County, Oklahoma.  He married Bettie Theresa Jeffries on 21 July 1926 in Beggs, Oklahoma. They were married by Reverend James P Autry, minister of the CME Church of Beggs.  Witnesses were Laura Autry and Garrett Scott, both of Beggs.  Reverend Autry was Bettie's brother-in-law;  witness Laura Autry was Bettie's sister.

Bettie Theresa Jeffries was born 22 Nov 1907 Holly Spring, Marshall County, Mississippi and died 23 Dec 1981 in Tulsa, Oklahoma. She was buried in Crown Hill Cemetery in Tulsa.  Bettie was the daughter of John Jeffries born 1872 and Annie Garrett 1877-1930  [See more about this Jeffries family]

 Arvie Anderson and Bettie Jeffries children:

  1. Verna  Lee Anderson was born 14 Feb 1927 in Beggs, Okmulgee County, OK and died 3 June 1994 in Tulsa, OK.  She married Odis Jones. Verna Lee is buried in Crown Hill Cemetery in Tulsa, OK.   [ See more about Odis Jones family here.]
  2. Blanche Lucerne Anderson was born 17 June 1928 in Beggs, Okmulgree County, OK and died 24 Nov 1986 in Denver, CO. She married Lewis Varnon Austin.  Blanche is buried in Chapel Hill Memorial Gardens in Littleton, CO.
  3. Arvie Columbus Anderson Jr was born 22 Dec 1930 in Beggs, Okmulgee County, OK and died 15 Oct 2013 in Tulsa, OK.  He married Willie Jean Montgomery in 1964. Arvie is buried in Floral Haven Memorial Gardens in Broken Arrow, OK.
  4. George Wayne Anderson was born 22 Feb 1934 in Beggs, Okmulgee County, OK and died 5 Apr 2005 in OK. 
  5. Clyde C Anderson was born 1941 in OK
  6. Marian Marva Anderson was born 10 Mar 1942 in Beggs, Okmulgee County, OK and died 4 Dec 2003 in Tulsa, OK

 1930 Census  Beggs, Okmulgee, OK    Living at 400 S Osage
Anderson, Arvie 
24  bTX parents bTX  Laborer - Steam Railroad
   Bettie  22  bMS  parents bMS
   Bernie  3 daughter bOK
   Blanch  1  bOK
Davis, Allen  14  bOK parents bTX  Roomer

On 16 Oct 1940 Arvie registered for the Draft. He said he was a farmer and married to Bettie Theresa, living at Rt 2, Beggs, Okmulgee County, Oklahoma.  He's described as 5'2" tall, 145 lbs, brown eyes, black hair and dark brown complexion. His farm was located at Section 28-15-12

1940 Census Beggs, Okmulgee OK   Living at Section 28 on farm   Renting
Anderson, Arvie
  35 bTX  Farmer
  Betty T  33 bMS
  Verna Lee 13 bOK
  Blanche L  11  bOK
  Arvie  9  bOK
  George Wayne  6  bOK

By 19 Apr 1945 Arvie was working for the Frisco Railroad in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He and Bettie were living at 626 N Elgin Place.  He retired from the Railroad in 1965.

Arvie Anderson's Frisco Railroad Card

1950 Census Beggs, Okmulgee OK    Living at 16 Osage
Anderson, Arvie 44
bTX Laboreer Frisco Railroad
   Bettie  42  bMS
   Arvie Jr  19  bOK
   G Wayne  16  bOK
   Clyde C  9  bOK
   Marion M  8  bOK

Arvie Anderson attended Northwest and East Beggs Schools and his family attended Handy Chapel AMC Church.  He died 21 Jan 2000 in Tulsa, Oklahoma. His funeral service was held at Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church in Tulsa with Reverend Dr. Isaac Nelson Hudson, Jr officiating. He is buried in Crown Hill Cemetery.

Arvie Anderson

 

Notes:

  • Berry Cemetery, also called Holy Resurrection Cemetery is an historic, small, rural African American cemetery containing 48 graves.  Near Ash Grove and near the Nathan Boone homestead, it's in Campbell Township, one of the original townships in Greene County, MO organized in 1833.  Daniel Berry's enslaved - which would include Letitia's - may be buried there.
  • For those interested - The Okmulgee Northern Railway Company, originally the Coalton Railway, was a shortline rail carrier in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma that operated from 1916-1964. It ran  from Okmulgee along the Deep Fork River carrying over 30,000 tons of coal each year. In 1964 all assets were sold to the Frisco Railroad.  One mile of the old railroad is now part of the Railroad Trail and River Overlook at the Deep Fork National Wildlife Refuge.  One of their old steam locomotives is on display at the Belton, Grandview and Kansas City Railroad Museum
  • There will be a followup post about the research I've done trying to figure out Charlie Anderson that will contain a lot of data about Andersons and others - including enslavers - in several counties in Mississippi and Texas.

Friday, May 16, 2025

Ned Clayton, Enslaved and the Clayton Family Enslavers - Georgia, Alabama, Texas and Oklahoma

Atoka County, OK 1909  
Ned Clayton was born about 1800 in Craven County, North Carolina where he was enslaved.  He died sometime after 1880 possibly in Texas or Oklahoma. Ned was the son of Christine Clayton, enslaved. At some point Ned married Hannah [surname unknown - maybe Clayton]. 

While living in Chambers County, Alabama, the Clayton's neighbor was Willis Jones.  Willis Jones was the enslaver of Jack Jones and his family.  Ned and Jack probably knew each other.  About 130 years later Ned's great great great granddaughter would marry Jackson's great great great grandson. I wonder what they'd make of this.  [Read more about the Jack Jones family.]


By 1815 Ned was living in Hancock County, Georgia. From Georgia he traveled to Chambers County, Alabama, then to Lumpkin, Stewart County, Georgia. At the end of the Civil War, Ned and Hannah were in Barbour County, Alabama and from there moved to Smith County, Texas.  Many of his descendants moved to the Atoka area in the Choctaw Nation Indian Territory in Oklahoma. 

Ned Clayton's life journey

Ned's Enslavers 

Thomas Clayton was born 17 June 1755 in Hyde County, North Carolina and died 8 June 1820 in Hawkinsville, Pulaski County, Georgia.  He was the son of James Clayton II who was born 1725 Kent County, Delaware and died 1783 in Craven County, North Carolina.  Thomas married Sarah "Sallie" DeLamar.

1790 Census  Craven County NC 
6 Slaves

1800 Census  Craven County NC
12 Slaves

Will of Thomas Clayton  Written 4 June 1820  Probate 3 July 1829 Craven County NC
Will Bk A pg52
... to son James one negroe Boy Alsa, one negro girl named Comfort and one negro man named Mango
... to son Thomas... one Negroe Boy Currie and one negro girl named Creece/Greece, one negro woman named Hannah
... to son Nelson the plantation where I now live... 202.5 acres also three Negroe boys name by Abraham, Lige, and Aaron and negro woman named Rosie and child Eliza.
... to son William... 4 negroes named  Harry a fellow, Jin a woman and Isaac a boy and Silas a boy
... to son Delamar five negroes namely Joe a fellow, Clary a girl, Bina a girl Randal a boy and Simon a boy
Executors: sons James Clayton, Thomas Clayton, Nelson Clayton
Codicil:
... it is my wish and desire that Francis Delamar be placed in possession of a certain negroe girl named Charlotte aged about six years provided the said Frances Delamore be married and should the said Francis die leaving no legal issue the said negroe girl Charlotte to become the joint property of James and Thomas Clayton...
... have this day given to my son Delamar Clayton a negro boy named Jess which negro boy I warrant and defend to the said Delamar Clayton ...

James Clayton was born 15 Oct 1788 in Craven County, North Carolina and died 6 June 1864 in Stewart County, Georgia.  He was the son of Thomas Clayton 1755-1820 and Sarah Delamar.  James married 1 Rebecca Bonner and 2 Frances Avery (md 1 Delamar).

1800 Census  Craven County NC  James Clayton
No Slaves

1830 Census  Monroe County, GA  James Clayton
26 Slaves:  4 M under 10, 6 M 10-23, 3 M 36-54, 1 M 55-99. 5 F under 10, 3 F 10-23, 2 F 24-35. 2 F 36-54

1840 Census  Chambers County, AL  James Clayton
37 Slaves:  10 M under 10, 7 M 10-23, 2 M 24-35, 2 M 36-54. 1 M 55-99, 5 F under 10, 6 F 10-23, 3 F 24-35, 1 F 36-54

1850 State Census  Chambers County, AL   Clayton, James 
31 Slaves

1850 Slave Schedule  Dist 19, Chambers County, AL
32 Slaves
:  F 71, M 90, M 48, M 48, F 47, F 47, F 47, M 44, M 42, F 32, F 32, F 32, F 29, M 28, M 18, M 15, M 14, F 14, M 13, M 13, M 12, M 1, F 11, M 11, M 10, M 9, F 9, F 7, F 5, M 5, F 3, F 1, F 1

1850 Census  District 19, Chambers County, AL
Dwelling 329
Clayton, James 61 b1789 NC  Farmer
   Rebecca 49  Wife
Belamy, Joanch  76 bVA

1850 Oct 11  Agriculture Schedule  District 19, Chambers County, AL
660 ac. 4 horses, 3 mules, 3 milk cows, 2 oxen, 14 cattle, 10 sheep, 80 swine. 27 bushels wheat, 1750 bushels Indian corn, 250 bushels oats.

1860 Slave Schedule  District 22, Steward County, GA
29 Slaves; 6 Slave Dwellings
:  M 40, M 22, M 20, M 18, M 14, 3 M 22, M 16, M 50, M 12, F 16, M 30, M 18, M 12, M 11, M 9, M 7, F 50, F 18, F 14, M 8, F 4, F 56, F 60, F 12, F 8, F 9, F 6mo, M 75

Will of James Clayton, enslaver of Ned

Will of James Clayton  Written 24 July 1863 Stewart County GA
Wills and Bonds Vol A
... to son John my negro named Rachel
... to grandson John Clayton son of James deceased my negro man Stephen and my negro girl Missouri and her increase
... to my grand daughter Elizabeth daughter of James deceased my negro man Daniell/David and negro girl Jane and her increase
... to my grand daughter Martha daughter of John deceased ... my negro man Essex and my negro man Robert
... to my friend Ann Crossley wife of James Crossley of Pike Co AL ... my negro boy Levi
...to my wife my negroes NED, Comfort and Emma
... to grand children [of James Clayton deceased] Louisa, Anna, James, Margaret? and William my negroes William,  Buster/Brister, Amos, Armstead, Redmon, Mary, Angeline, Caroline, Mariah and child Sarah,
... wish and direct ... wife and said 5 grand children... remain on my plantation... the negroes mentioned here... be kept on said plantation for the benefit of my said wife and said grandchildren until the divisions of negroes take place...
.... my negro Nero and his wife Halland I give them to such person or said negroes may select for owner and should the labor of said negroes be thus insufficient to provide support, then do I wish and direct my Executor to pay such ? so selected by said negroes reasonable expenses and charge annually for the ? care of said negroes.

[Note: wife is Frances/Fanny Avery who married 1 Thomas Delamar (brother of Sarah Delamar Clayton, James Clayton's mother)  Fanny's sister is Tabitha Avery b1780]

Frances "Fanny" Avery was born 1790 and died 1886. She married 1 Thomas Delamer who was born 1763 Craven County, NC and died 18 June 1818 in Monroe County, GA.  Thomas was the son of  Francis Delamar III 1732-1797 and Miriam Barclift 1741-1788.

Will of Francis Delamar - father of Thomas Delamar
Written 14 Dec 1797  Probate June 1799 Craven County, NC
.. to my wife Hasty all the Negros and furniture that she had by former husband agreeable to his will ... lend to wife... my house and plantation whereon I now live. Also one negro man named Davie/Dane and one negro woman named Salina for her maintenance and for raising of my small children which I had by her... when she dies land and plantation to son Joseph
... to daus Elizabeth and Nancy Delamar...
... to son Joseph one negro boy named Dave
... dau Elizabeth one negro girl named Patt
... dau Nancy one negro girl named Violet
... son Thomas one negro man named Simon
... son Nelson one negro man named Moses
... dau Marriam one negro boy named Esseck
... son Demson one negro woman named Moriah/Monah
... dau Sarah Clayton one negro woman named Patience with her increase
... dau Susannah Fulchires children one negro woman named Violet and her increase to be hired out for the benefit of the children until the old set arrives to the age of 21 yrs then the said negros to be equally divided between the children. But if these negroes before they arrive to the age of 21 yrs my will and desire is that my negro woman Violet belong to my son Thomas Delamar and my negro girl Patience belong to my dau Marriam
... wife Hasty... the use of all my stock of all kinds...  
... after death of my wife Hasty my negro David and Salina and his increase if any be equally divided between my children I have by my last wife...
Executors: wife Hasty and sons Thomas and Nelson Delamar
Witnesses: Thomas Sparrow, Rhoda Spanow, Tabitha Avery


Hasty is Hartey "Hasty" Nelson who was born 1744 and in 1787 she married (1st) Capt John Nelson who died in 1783 Craven Co NC.  In 1789 his estate settlement and division of property included slaves:
to Hartly Delamar: Penn $100, Hannah $70, David $50
to John Sugges Nelson: Lucy & Aron $125, Sealy $70
to Benjamin Nelson:Danice $150, Jenney $70
to Walter Nelson: Violet $110, Davey $80, Ennace $32.10

1800 Census Craven Co NC - Hasty Delamar, widow of Francis Delamar
5 Slaves

Back to James Clayton - his son James Perry Clayton, mentioned in his will, deceased,  is now the enslaver of Ned and lives in Chambers County, Alabama.  Another of Jame's sons, John Bonner Clayton, also lived in Chambers County, Alabama.

James Perry Clayton gravestone
James Perry Clayton was born 6 Nov 1822 in Hancock County, Georgia and died 10 Feb 1863 in Dale County, Alabama.  He married Margaret Laura Brown on 7 Oct 1841 in Macon, Alabama.
 
1850 Census  District 19 Chambers County AL , dwelling 334 lists James P Clayton, 29 and his family.

1850 State Census Chambers County, AL
Clayton, James P    7 Slaves
Clayton, John B   10 Slaves  - brother of James P

1850 Agriculture Schedule   District 19, Chambers County, AL
Clayton, John B  280 ac   son of James
Clayton, James  660 ac
Clayton, James P  214 ac   son of James

1850 Slave Schedule  District 19 Chambers AL  James P Clayton
7 Slaves:  M 24, F 24, M 20, F 17, M 10, F 10, M 2mos

1860 Census Dale Co AL  Post Office: Newton
Clayton, James P 37 b1823 GA and family listed.

1860 Slave Schedule  Dale County, AL James P Clayton  25 Aug 1860
14 Slaves; 1 Slave Dwelling:  M 35, M 30, M 19, F 40, F 28, F 17, M 11, F 10, M 10, F 8, M 5, F 3, F 3, M 1

1866 State Census  Dale Co AL   M L Clayton - widow of James P Clayton

John Bonner Clayton, brother of James Perry Clayton, was born 12 Jan 1817 in Hancock County, Georgia.  He married Mary Elizabeth Redding 1824-18689/  

1840 Census Chambers Co AL John B Clayton
5 Slaves:  2 M 24-35, 1 F under 10, 2 F 10-23

1850 Slave Schedule District 19 Chambers AL  John B Clayton  
13 Slaves:  F 28, F 28, F 17, F 9, M 8, F 7, M 5, M 4, M 4, F 3, F 1, M 2mos, M 34

1850 State Census Chambers Co AL  John B Clayton
13 Slaves

1860 Slave Schedule  Dist 122 Stewart GA
14 Slaves; 3 Slave Dwellings:
  M 28, M 16, M 14, M 14, M 9, M 6, M 4, F 36, F 26, F 12, F 10, F 1, F 17, F 18


Known children of Ned Clayton and possibly Hannah:

  • Melvina Clayton was born abt 1843 in Chambers County AL and died of measles Feb 1880 in Camp County, TX. She married Cyrus Porter, Sr 1830-1927. Their children: Cyrus Jr, Robert, Benjamine, Edward, Sopha, Eliza, Lee, Julius, William, Jessie, Turner, George, William(2), and Mandy. 
    Their son Cyrus Porter, Jr was born in 1861 Flint, Smith County TX - 13 Dec 1927 Waco, McLennan County TX.  He married Ophelia Caldwell and had children: Cyrus III, Annie, Myrtle, La Verda, Lula Bell, Cornelius, Horace, Minnie, Freda and Vivian.
  • Ed Clayton was born abt 1851 in Chambers County, Alabama. Married Lirada born abt 1856. Known children: Ben, Lily, Nathan, Mary, Levy and Babe.
  • Allen Clayton was born abt 1852 in Chambers County, AL. He married 1st Mary Clayton b 1852 AL and 2nd Vira/Vina King b1855 AL on 29 Dec 1915 in Smith County, TX.  Allen had at least 3 children: Penina "Nina" 1876-1963, Darka b1877 and Belzora "Bell" b1879.
      1870 Census Township 10 Range 26 Barbour County AL
      Dwelling 1032  all BLK
      Clayton, Allen 20 bAL Farm Laborer
         Mary 18 bAL Domestic Servant
      McRae, Joseph  10 bAL
      Dwelling 1046  all BLK
      Baker, Solomon  30 bAL Farmer
         Viney 25 bAL
         Jane 6mo bAL
      Clayton, Robert  20 bAL Farm Laborer
  • Manda / Amanda Clayton was born about 1859 in Chambers County, AL. She married W Shackelford and they had at least two children:  Ellen and Dori
  • Zadock / Dock Clayton was born abt 1940/48 in Chambers County, AL and died aft 1910 in Lewis, Atoka County OK.  He married Hattie/Hettie Holt 1850-1913

Zadock "Dock" Clayton, son of Ned, married Hattie Holt on 11 Mar 1880 in Smith County, TX. She may have served time in Texas, but unfortunately, that's all I know about her other than her appearance in census data with her husband.

1867 July 9  Barbour Co AL Voter Registration  -  Election Dist 06  Precinct 09  all Freedmen
Ned Clayton
Lewis Clayton
John Clayton
Lewis Clayton
Alvin Clayton
George Clayton
Ephram Clayton
Joseph Clayton
Columbus Clayton

1870 August Agriculture Schedule Township 10 Barbour AL  -  Ned Clayton
There is no acreage amount, but Ned has 2 horses, 13 cattle, 7 swine
Next line on schedule is for Lynums Clayton 2 cattle, 14 swine.  Relationship to Ned unknown.

23 July 1867 Cherokee Co TX Voter Registration
Zadock Clayton bAL  line 610    Ned's son "Dock"

1870 Census Etna Beat 3, Smith Co TX
Dwelling 466  PO Etna
Clayton, Zadock  34 bAL Farm Laborer    Ned's son "Dock"
   Hettie  wife  21 bGA Farm Laborer     Maiden name Holt
   Elvira 12  bTX Farm Laborer   daughter
   Joseph  8   son
   Buchanna 4   son
   Jane  3   daughter
   Albert 3mos   son
Clayton Allen  24 bAL Farm Laborer  - Ned's son, Dock's brother
Dwelling 469
Clayton, Jesse  30 bAL Farm laborer - may be another son of Ned, brother of Dock
   Emily 16 Farm Laborer bGA
   Thomas 8mos bTX

1880 Census Precinct 1, Smith Co TX
Dwelling 141          Dock's parents
Clayton, Ned  80 bNC parents bNC Farm Laborer
   Hanna 70 wife bNC parents bNC
   Parllee  7 grandchild bTX
   Hattie 6 grandchild bTX
   Lugena 5 grandchild bTX
Dwelling 142
Clayton, Dock  40 bAL Farmer
   Hettie 37 wife bGA
   Vina  12  bTX daughter
   Albert 11  son
   Lee  son
   Laura 7  daughter
   Starling 5   son
   Mary 2   daughter
Dwelling 143
Clayton, Ed  29  Farm Labor bAL parentsNC    -  son of Ned Clayton
   Lirada  25 wife Farm Labor  bTX
   Ben 11 bTX
   Tilly  9
   Nathan 6
   Mary 9
   Leroy/Levy
   Babe/Balie  7mos son
Dwelling 144
Clayton, Allen  28 Farm Labor bAL      see 1870 census  -  son of Ned Clayton
   Vira/ Vina  25 wife  bAL
   Darka  3  bTX
   Nina 4
   Bell  1
Dwelling 145
Shackelford, W  25 Farm Labor bTX
   Manda 21 Farm Labor bTX parents bNC  -  daughter of Ned Clayton
   Ellen  3
   Dori?  1
**page is torn but looks like next dwelling is a white Clayton family

1880 June 15 Agriculture Schedule  Precinct 1, Smith County, TX
Dock Clayton
:  Owner of 10 acres.  

Prison record - Hattie Holt

This may be Hattie Holt, wife of Zadock/Dock Clayton:
23 July 1891 Rusk, Cherokee Co TX  Texas Convict and Conduct Registers 1875-1891
Hattie Clayton, arrested in Cherokee Co TX, Convict #4596  2 years.
Locations:  Rusk 23 July 1891
Huntsville 11 Aug 1891
Discharged 21 May 1893
  This may be a relative of Zadock/Dock Clayton  -  arrested with Hattie
Ella Clayton, arrested in Cherokee Co TX, Convict #4577  2 years
Locations:  Rusk 23 July 1891
Huntsville 11 Aug 1891
Discharged 21 May 1893

Before 1890 Dock and Hattie made the move from Texas to Indian Territory in Oklahoma.

1900 Census Township 2, Choctaw Nation, Indian Territory
Dwelling 108
Clayton, Lee  23 bTX Mar 1877 Married 1 yr  Day Laborer   Son of Dock and Hattie
   Josie H  20 bIndTerr Aug 1880 Father bAL
Dwelling 109
Clayton, Jessie  29 bTX 1871 Father bAL  Day Laborer   Son of Dock and Hattie
   Francis  20 bIndTerr 1880  Mother bIndTerr
Dwelling 110    all BLK
Clayton, Doc  56 bAL Day Laborer Married 30 yrs  Parents bAL
   Hattie  50  15 children born/11 living
   Ludy  18  bTX July 1881  Son  Day Laborer
   David  20  bTX 1880  Nephew  Deliveryman
Dwelling 111
Clayton, Albert  28 bTX 1872  Married 5 yrs  Father bAL  Deliveryman   Son of Dock and Hattie
   Mittie 20 bIndTerr Apr 1880 1 child born/0 living Father bArkansas Mother bIndTerr


1910 Census  Lewis, Atoka, Oklahoma
Dwelling 4   all BLK  Own home w/ mortgage - House not farm
Clayton, Dock  62  bAL 1848 Parents bNC  Married 38 yrs  Laborer - odd jobs
   Hattie  60  bGA  15 children born/9 living   Laundres at home
   Susie  7  bOK Parents bTX  Grandaughter

             Atoka Ward 2, Atoka, Oklahoma
Dwelling  147   all BLK   Renting home
Clayton, Joseph 50 bTX 2nd Marriage  Married 27 yrs.  Laborer odd jobs   Dock's son
   Annie 45 bTX 13 children born/9 living
   Rena  18 bOK
   Louvana  16 bOK
   Ola 15 bOK Son
   Calvin  13 bOK
   Gus  12 bOK
   Samantha  10 bOK
   Enis 9 bOK son

Known Children of Dock Clayton and Hattie Holt:

  •  Joseph Clayton  abt 1862 TX. Married Annie. See 1910 Census for Atoka, OK above. Children:  Melvina, Jay Gould, Larena, Rena, Louvana, Ole, Calvin, Gus, Samantha and Enis.
  • Buchanna Clayton abt 1866 TX
  • Jane Clayton  abt 1867 TX
  • Lavina/Vina  1868 TX married 1Rev James E Minton and 2nd Henry Richard.  Lavina's children:  Savannah, Margaret, William, James, Pearline, Jesse, Hattie, Louis and Hammond.
  • Albert  abt1869 TX.  Married Mittie/Minta Reed [she married 1 Finnell]  Mittie on Choctaw Freedment Roll. born 1880 died 1962. Listed on 1900 Census in the Choctaw Nation.  Chidren:  Theodore, Russell, Cecil, Albert and Lucian.  Albert Sr was a Non Citizen member Choctaw Freedman
  • Jessie  abt 1871TX  Married Francis.  Listed on 1900 Census in the Choctaw Nation.
  • Lee abt 1872 Tex-27 Apr 2004 prob OK  Married Josie H. Listed on 1900 Census in the Choctaw Nation.
  • Laura abt 1873 TX  Married Silas Brown.  Children: Austin, Susie, Alfred, Hazel, Emmett, Laura, Lula,
  • Starling / Sterling  1875 TX  Married Lula Williams in 1900 Muskogee OK 1917-18 Draft Reg Card says wife is Ella Clayton.
  • Mary Ann 1878-1912 md George Porter 7 Mar 1899 Atoka OK. Children: William, Clara, Ester, Ira, Laceal.  [George is s/o Cyrus Porter and Melvina Clayton. Melvina d/o Dock granddaughter of Ned. ]
  • Ludy Sr  1 July1882 Tyler, Smth Co TX- Apr 1964 Atoka OK   See below.
 

Ludy Clayton, Sr
Ludy Clayton, Sr was born 1 July 1882 in Tyler, Smith County, TX and died April 1864 in Atoka, OK.  Ludy married twice.  First to Lula Fulsom in 1902 in OK and 2nd to Anna/Annie White about 1910 in OK.  In 1900 Ludy was living with his parents Dock and Hattie in the Choctaw Nation, Indian Territory in Oklahoma.  [see Census above]

Lula Fulsom
was born 13 Aug 1883 in Dinison, TX and died 24 Nov 1962 in Atoka, OK.  She was the daughter of Cooper Fulsom a Free Born member of the Choctaw Nation and on the Choctaw Freedmen Rolls  and Nancy Homer, also Free Born member of the Choctaw Nation and on the Choctaw Freedmen Rolls.  Nancy was the daughter of Wyley Homer who was enslaved by Sampson Loving  and Phyllis Factor who was enslaved by Bony Hawkins.

Lula's obituary states she was survived by her two children:  son Leslie Clayton of Atoka and daughter Rosie Clayton Frazier also of Atoka.  Lula was a member of the Choctaw Nation and on the Choctaw Freedmen Roll. She is #5531 on the Dawes Roll.
 
1910 Census  Atoka Ward 4, Atoka County, OK
Dwelling  337  Owns farm
Clayton, Ludy  30  bTX  Married 8 yrs   Farmer at home  Black
   Luly  23 OK  3 children born/2 living  Mulatto
   Leslie  6 bOK  Mulatto 
   Rosa  4 bOK  Mulatto
 Dwelling 338
Jones, Nancy  40 bOK Widow 6 children born/3 living  Mulatto  Father bOK Mother bTX
Clayton, Dewey / Denry  11 bOK Grandson   Mulatto  Father bTX Mother bOK

 
Anna / Annie White was born 14 Feb 1891 in Texas and died 1964 in Oklahoma.  She was the daughter of Henry White, born enslaved in Texas about 1855 and Mary Cade, born enslaved on Feb 1860 in Texas.  Anna / Annie is buried in Green Hill Cemetery in Atoka, Oklahoma.
 
Known children of Henry White and Mary Cade:
  • Evaline White born 1874. She married Bill Limbrick. They had at least one child: Marie.
  • Florida White born 1876
  • John B White born 9 Aug 1879 and died 5 Aug 1946 Jasper County, TX. He married Verda "Virdie" and they had at least one child: Jodie
  • Sam White born 1884
  • Edward White born 1886. He married Pearl and they had children: Robert, Willie, Ella May/Velma, Wheeler, Earnest and Dutch. He married 2nd Ora Odom
  • Mamie White born 1888
  • Anna / Annie White born 1891 and died 1864.  She married Ludy Clayton, Sr
  • Leaky White born 1899
Henry White was the son of Yancy White who was born enslaved about 1810 in Virginia and died after 1880 probably in Jasper County, Texas  and  Malinda [maybe White] who was born enslaved about 1815 in Louisiana and also died sometime after 1880 probably in Jasper County, Texas. 

Known children of Yancy and Malinda White - parents of Henry:
  • Daniel White born 1838. He married Fanny Kelley. Children:  Julia, Adrean, Tensy Ann, Louis, Daniel, Henderson, Anna/Amy, Mandy, Edward, Albert, Pearly, Lilly, Isabella, Carroll and Fay.
  • Jordon White born 1840. He married Malinda - maiden name could be White or Taylor
  • Marion White born abt 1841. He married Sylvey.
  • Sanders White born 1848. He married Hannah and they had at least one child: Roxa M.
  • Henry White born May 1855. He married Mary Cade.
  • Fanny White born 1861 and died 1930. She married Jacob Southwell
  • Lovey White born 1864 and died 1934. She married Nelscon Bryant. They had at least two children:  Cora and Moses
  • Allice / Alice White born 1867. She married Jeremiah "Jerry" Bryant. They had at least four children:  Della, Noah, Levi and Mattie.

24 Aug 1867 Voter Registration  Precinct 2, Jasper, Jasper County, TX
Daniel White
, born LA on line 343    Son of Yancy

1870 Census  Subdivision 23, Jasper County, TX
Dwelling 52
  all BLK
White, Hardy 
19 bTX Farm Laborer     May be another s/o of Yancy
Powell, Charlotte  23  bTX
   Lon  3  bTX

Dwelling 56 Fam 53  MIXED
CADE, Polk 
25 WHITE bGA Farm Laborer
   Martha 20 Mulatto bGA
   Dorcey  2 Mulatto bTX
   John  5 mo Mulatto bTX

Dwelling 424 Fam 426  all BLK
White Daniel 
32 bLA Farm Laborer     Son of Yancy
   Fannie 20 bGA b1850    This is Fanny Kelley d/o of Charlotte Kelley
Kelley, Amanda  18  bGA b1852     Sister of Fanny

Dwelling 425 Fam 427   all BLK
White, Sanders
22 bLA BLK Farm Laborer     Son of Yancy
  Hannah  20 bTX  Mulatto
   Roxa M 1 mo bTX April 1870  Mulatto

Dwelling 433 Fam 435 in 1867 Lees Mill all BLK
Kelley, Pompey 
32 b1838 GA
   Grace 24 bGA
   Simus 8 bTX
   Shade 6 bTX
   Major  5 bTX
 Kelley, Charlotte 
50 bGA    Mother of Fanny Kelley White and Amanda Kelley above
   Mary A  25 bGA
   Pleasant 20  bGA
   Eliza J  6  bTX
   Mary E  2 bTX

Dwelling 539  BLK/Mulatto family
White, Marion
30 bTX BLK Farm Laborer     May be another son of Yancy
   Silvey  40  bGA BLK
   Sam  20 bGA BLK Farm Laborer
   Frances  13 b1857 TX Mulatto
   Cinda  12 bTX Mulatto  1858
   Henry  8 bTX BLK  1862
   Adaline  6 bTX BLK
   Rebecca  5  bTX BLK
   Charles  4  bTX BLK
   Lizzie  1 bTX BLK

Dwelling 541 Fam 551  all BLK
Bryant, Frank 
59 bGA Farm Laborer
   Silvey  40 bGA
   Nelson  14 bTX Farm Laborer    Married Lovey White d/o Yancy
   Bowlin  16 bGA Farm Laborer
   Jerry  10 bTX       Married Allice White d/o of Yancy
   Charlotte 8 bTX
   Fillis 6 bTX
   Simon C  4 bTX
   Saint M 1 bTX

Dwelling 543 Fam 553  MIXED
McFarland ,
[George?] 50 bVA White
   Josephine  33  bTX   White
   Sallie  8  bTX  White
White, Lucinda 16/18 bTX  Domestic Servant Black

Dwelling 606   all BLACK family
White, Jordon 
30 Farmer bLA      Son of Yancy
   Malinda 26  wife bLA  Mulatto
Taylor, Abraham  65  bAL  Mulatto
   Holly  55   bAL  Mulatto
   Sisley  25  Mulatto bAL
   Albert 15   bAL  Mulatto

Dwelling 772   all WHITE family plus
 White, Seymour 75 Judge Dist Court bNY
   Susan W E 47  wife bGA
   Mary S 24  bAL
   Abigal M B 16  bTX
   Clara E 14
   Catherine R A 11
   Bennie Mc  8
   Hettie P 5
Goolsbee, John N  27 bGA Surgeon Dentist
Carraway, Thoms I  25 bTX Lawyer
Ivey, Walter E  15 bLA Student
Ryals, Hannah 25 bTX BLK Domestic Servant
White, Jane 20 bTX BLK Domestic Servant     May be a daughter of Yancy
Traylor, Martha 15 bTX BLK Domestic Servant
 

1 June 1880  Ag Schedule Beat 3 Jasper TX
Pompey Kelley -
100 acres owned. 8 ac tilled 92 ac woodland. 10 Swine, 10 fowl, 5 lbs eggs, 7 ac Indian corn/25 bushels, 1 ac sweet potatoes/100 bushels, \\

23 June 1880 Ag Schedule Precinct 2, Jasper TX
Daniel White -
160 acres on shares: 24 ac tilled, 136 ac woodland.  2 working oxen, 1 milk cow, 1 calf.15 swine, 10 fowl, 10 lbs eggs. 15 ac Indian corn/100 bushels. 10 acres cotton/2bales. 1 ac sweet potatoes/50 bushels

23 June 1880 AG Schedule Precinct 2 Jasper TX
Henry White -
18 ac on shares. 4 working oxen, 2 milk cows, 2 other cows. 8 swine, 10 fowl, 10 lbs eggs. 9 ac Indian corn/50 bushels. 8 ac cotton/1 bale
**next line looks like George White 200 ac owned. May be former enslaver

1880 Census Precinct 3 Jasper Co TX
Dwelling 52 Fam 61   all BLK
White, Yancy
70 Farmer bVA Parents bVA     Father of Henry White
   Malinda 65 wife  bLA Parents bLA     Mother of Henry White
   Fanny 19 dau bTX  1861
   Lovey 16 dau bTX  1864
   Allice 13 dau bTX  1867

Dwelling 53 Fam 62  all BLK
White, Henry
28  Farmer  bTX Parents bVA    Father of Anna White Clayton
   Mary 25 
wife  bGA  Parents bGA    Mother of Anna White Clayton
  
Evaline 6 dau  bTX
   Florida 4 dau bTX
   John bJuly 1879 son bTX

Dwelling 54 Fam 63  all BLK
White, Daniel
32 Farmer  bLA Father VA Mom LA     Son of Yancy
  
Fanny 26 wife  bTX  Parents bGA     Daughter of Charlotte Kelley
   Idria Ann 9 dau  bTX  1871
   Teensy Ann 7 dau  1873
   Louisa  5 dau 1875
   Daniel 4 son 1876
   Henderson 3 son 1877
   Anna  1 dau 1879
Same dwelling  Fam 64   all BLK
White, Julia 
18 dau Farm laborer bTX Father LA momTX      Daughter of Daniel
   Dick 2 grandson of Daniel bTX parents bTX
Note:  Julia White married Pomp Kelly on 8 Apr 1891 in Jasper County, TX. Pomp married 1st Gracie Williams. 


1900 Census Justice Precinct 02 Dist 0028 Jasper Co TX
Dwelling 237
White, Henry 
45 bMay 1855 TX Farmer md 20 yrs
   Mary
40 bFeb 1860 TX 7ch/5living
   Mamie  12 bJan 1888 TX
   Anna 10 bJan 1890 TX
   Sam 15 bMay 1884 TX
   Edward 4 bMar 1886 TX
   Leaky  1 bMay 1899 TX


1910 Census Atoka Ward 4, Atoka OK
Dwelling 332
Anderson, Ruth
55 Mulatto Widow 6ch/3living bOK
Colbert, Charles 
30 son bOK Father TX mother OK

Dwelling   337
Clayton, Ludy
30 b1880 TX parents bTX md 8 yrs Farmer
   Luly
23 bOK 3 ch b/2 living
   Leslie  6 bOK
   Rosa  4 bOK

Dwelling 338
Jones, Nancy
40 Widow 6ch/3living bOK Father bOK Mother bTX Laundress for a private family
Clayton, Dewey/Drury
11 grandson bOK Father bTX mother bOK


1919  Atoka, OK
Ludy and Lula Clayton -
foreclosure of mortgage by J D Lankford


1930 Census Atoka, Atoka County, OK
Dwelling 302  
Owns home     all BLK
Clayton, Ludy 
56 bTX  Plumber for the city
   Annie  40  bTX   Laundress for private family
   Helen  18  bOK   Cook for private family
   Julius  17  bOK   Porter for Hotel
   Ruth  14  bOK
   Curtis  12  bOK
  Theo R  10  bOK
   Jesse M  8  bOK
   R L  6  bOK
   Corinne  3  bOK
   Sonny  0  bOK


1940 Census   Lewis Township, Atoka, OK
Dwelling  391   Owns home   all BLK
Clayton, Ludy 
58 bTX  Laying pipe for WPA
   Annie  44  bTX
   Theresa  20  bTX
   Jesse Mae  18   bOK
   R L 15  bOK
   Corine  13  bOK
   Ludy Jr  10  bOK
   Billy Joe  7  bOK
   Bobby Lee 5  bOK


25 Apr 1942 Draft Registration   Atoka OK
Ludy Clayton
    Box 164 Atoka OK
59 yrs old, born 1 July 1882 Tyler, TX
Contact person:  Viney Richard in Atoka OK
Self employed.  5/6" 135 lbs Brown eyes Black hair Black complextion No scars


1950 Census  Atoka, Atoka County, OK
Dwelling 196  Living on E 4th St.  Owns business    all BLK
Clayton, Ludy  66  bTX  Plumber
   Annie E 53  bTX
   Bobby L  15  bOK

Children of Ludy Clayton, Sr

                With Lula Fulsom:
  • Leslie Leroy Clayton was born 24 Feb 1904 and died 25 Aug 1973
  • Rosalee "Rosie" Clayton was born 13 Feb 1905 and died 26 Mar 1993. She married 1st David Hale (1890-1961) in 1927 and married 2nd Curley E Frazier (1905-1966)
               With Anna/Annie White:
  • Helen Clayton  was born 23 July 1911 Atoka, OK and died 31 Aug 2002 Denver CO  She married Tom Crooms 1930. They had one child Betty Jean Crooms (1928-2012) who married Clinton Anderson.
  • Julius Clayton was born 12 June 1913 Atoka, OK and died 4 June 1986.  He married Esther White.
  • Ruth Clayton was born about 1916 and died 1965.
  • Curtis Clayton was born 12 Jan 1918 in Atoka, OK and died in Aug 1952. He married Opal Crooms in 1936.
  • Theresa Clayton was born 22 Dec 1919 and died 31 Mar 2006.  She married James Armstrong
  • Theo R Clayton was born about 1920.
  • Jesse Mae Clayton was born about 1922 and may have died in 1944.
  • Robert Lee Clayton was born 9 Apr 1924 in Atoka OK and died 3 Feb 1981 in Tulsa, OK. He was a US Navy WWII veteran and is buried in Green Acres Memorial Gardens in Tulsa.
  • Alice Corine Clayton was born 7 June 1926 in Atoka, OK and died June 2020 in Julesburg, CO.   She married Franchie Lacy.
  • Ludy Clayton, Jr was born 31 July 1929 in Atoka, OK and died 10 Sep 2014 in Julesburg, CO.  He married 1st Willie Mae Tennison in 1947 and 2nd Monica Gonzales.  Read more about Willie Mae Tennison's family.
  • Billy Joe Clayton was born 4 July 1932 and died 11 Oct 2012 both in Atoka, OK.  He married Elizabeth "Liza" Mae Powell.  He is buried in Green Hill Cemetery in Atoka.
  • Bobby Lee Clayton was born 19 Aug 1934 in Atoka, OK and died 2 July 2015 in Colorado Springs, CO.  He is buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Colorado Springs. Fun facts: Bobby Lee was named co-valedictorian of his Senior class, served as President of the Senior class and was a member of the State Honor Society for his four high school years.  A member of the band, chorus, dramatic club and basketball teams he had a perfect attendance record for eleven years.  He was awarded a scholarship to Langston University.
 
Anna and Ludy Clayton